A randomized controlled trial in Australia found an intervention that encouraged walking reduced the occurrence of low back pain compared to no intervention. The study enrolled 701 participants 18 and older (81 percent female, with an average age of 54 years) who were not already engaging in regular physical activity. In the previous six months, each participant had recovered from an episode of low-back pain that interfered with daily activities but did not have a specific, diagnosable cause (such as vertebral fracture or cancer).
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